Learn About the 3 Main Stages of Cellular Respiration

We all need energy to function, and we get that energy from the foods we eat. Extracting those nutrients necessary to keep us going and then converting them into useable energy is the job of our cells. This complex yet efficient metabolic process, called cellular respiration, converts the energy derived from sugars, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, a high-energy molecule that drives processes like muscle contraction and nerve impulses. Cellular respiration occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells,  with most reactions taking place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the mitochondria of eukaryotes.   There are three main stages of cellular respiration: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation. Sugar Rush Glycolysis literally means splitting sugars, and it is the 10-step process by which sugars are released for energy. Glycolysis  occurs when glucose and oxygen are supplied to the cells by the bloodstream, and it takes place in the cells cytoplasm. Glycolysis can also occur without oxygen, a process called anaerobic respiration, or fermentation. When glycolysis occurs without oxygen, cells make small amounts of ATP. Fermentation also produces lactic acid, which can build up in muscle tissue, causing soreness and a burning sensation. Carbs, Proteins, and Fats The Citric Acid Cycle,  also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle or the  Krebs Cycle,  begins after the two molecules of the three carbon sugar produced in glycolysis are converted to a slightly different compound (acetyl CoA). It is the process that allows us to use the energy found in carbohydrates,  proteins, and  fats. Although the citric acid cycle does not use oxygen directly, it works only when oxygen is present. This cycle takes place in the matrix of cell  mitochondria. Through a series of intermediate steps, several compounds capable of storing high energy electrons are produced along with two ATP molecules. These compounds, known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), are reduced in the process. The reduced forms (NADH and FADH2) carry the high energy electrons to the next stage. Aboard the Electron Transport Train Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation is the third and final step in aerobic cellular respiration. The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and electron carrier molecules found within the mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Through a series of reactions, the high energy electrons generated in the citric acid cycle are passed to oxygen. In the process, a chemical and electrical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane as hydrogen ions are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix and into the inner membrane space. ATP is ultimately produced by oxidative phosphorylation—the process by which enzymes in the cell oxidize nutrients. The protein  ATP synthase uses the energy produced by the electron transport chain for  the phosphorylation (adding a phosphate group to a molecule) of ADP to ATP. Most ATP generation occurs during the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation stage of cellular respiration.

The Scope Of Public Health - 1076 Words

To ensure that a population is living in conditions that enable it to thrive, we turn to the role of public health. We rely on public health officials to assess the health status of whatever population they are responsible for, to create and fulfill suitable plans of action that improve living conditions for those people. In other words, public health officials are designated for engaging in population health surveillance, controlling the spread of disease, and executing protocols for helping populations build healthier, more enjoyable lives. The scope of public health is very broad. It encompasses many different disciplines and industries of human livelihood. The core disciplines of public health are behavioral science/health education, biostatistics, environmental health, health services administration, and epidemiology. Epidemiology is considered by many the foundation of public health. By general definition, epidemiology is â€Å"the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human populations.† In other words, epidemiologists observe and assess the proportion of disease among people. This is a very intellectually driven and tedious job with high emphasis on conducting research. Epidemiologists need to form hypotheses based on their scientific observations, which are subject to testing and refutation. This is a rigorous process that needs to be completely objectively. On the surface, it is quite plausible as to why one would believe that epidemiologyShow MoreRelatedChanging the Scope of Practice for All Nurses1149 Words   |  5 PagesChanging The Scope Of Practice For All Nurses October 21, 2012 Changing The Scope Of Practice For All Nurses The Institute of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has proposed many changes take place in the field of education for nurses to assist in the Affordable Care Act to be a full success in transforming health care. They have published the report â€Å"The Future of Nursing Leading Change Advancing Health† recommending that the scope of practice for all nurses whichRead MoreCommunity Health1184 Words   |  5 Pages A. Role of Public Health Personnel | The candidate does not provide a logical explanation of the role of the major public health personnel, including the public health nurse, involved in the disaster. | The candidate provides a logical explanation, with no detail, of the role of the major public health personnel, including the public health nurse, involved in the disaster. | The candidate provides a logical explanation, with limited detail, of the role of the major public health personnel, includingRead MoreProfessional Policies And Practice I ssues Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesProfessional Policies and Practice Issues Legal Regulations and Mandates that Guide Scope of Practice in California In the practice of nursing there are governing bodies that set policies that healthcare professionals have to follow. The legal mandates that regulate nurse practitioners are there for a multitude of reasons, namely, to ensure that proper licensing is acquired, ensure that nurses are practicing at their training and education level, to avoid legal issues, and to include Nurse practitionersRead MoreThe Media and Hollywood in Particular, Represent One Avenue in Which the General Public Becomes Familiar with the Role of Nurses. How Do the Media Positively or Negatively Influence the Public’s Image of Nursing? What1172 Words   |  5 Pagesgeneral public becomes familiar with the role of nurses. How do the media positively or negatively influence the public’s image of nursing? What other avenues may better educate the general public on the role and scope of nursing as well as the changing health care system? The media is known to have immense influences on the public perception from body images to what kind of car people should buy. And the nursing image is not immune to these influences. What Hollywood transmits to the public aboutRead MoreInsurance Coverage For Mental Disorders1679 Words   |  7 Pagescoverage for mental disorders Jyoti.Waddigeri MHS: Mental Health and Society Professor- Dr. Mirjana Zivkovic United States University, San- Diego. Date- 03/27/2016 Insurance coverage for mental disorders INTRODUCTION In the mid twenty first century, 80 percent of persons with maladjustment had some type of open or private medical insurance coverage. This level of scope mirrored the extension of advantages for mental health care inside of private insurance, and additionallyRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Nursing1245 Words   |  5 PagesThe health of different communities is pro to some challenges. Ranging from Infectious diseases, such as Hepatitis and other communicable diseases, and this can get out of control in many civilized town settings. Kids and infant health and well-being are threatened by preventable infections and diseases, society toxins, waste, violence, accidents, and injuries. Inequality in access to health care programs and insurance coverage has notably increased sickness and mortality among infants, pregnantRead MoreInfant Oral Health Care Guideline Analysis877 Words   |  4 PagesInfant Oral Health Care Guideline Analysis The AGREE II instrument was first published in 2003 by international guideline developers and researchers (AGREE II, 2010). The group defined the quality of guidelines as the confidence that the potential biases of guideline development have been addressed adequately and that the recommendations are both internally and externally valid, and are feasible for practice (AGREE II, 2010, p.1). As the years passed it was decided that ongoing development wasRead MoreAre You Ready?1020 Words   |  5 PagesAre You Ready? As a result of the Affordable Health Care Act of 2010 becoming a reality, there is a growing need for nursing practice to advance. With this in mind, the health care delivery system is changing and as nurses we need to be ready. Health care will no longer be focused on the disease but more on the prevention of the disease and health promotion. Who better than nurses to be best positioned to fill such new and expanded roles as a consequence of this redesigned healthcare system? WithRead MoreNurse Practice Act Essay example1331 Words   |  6 PagesNurse Practice Act Samantha Kelly NSG/320 November 21, 2011 Jen Millar University of Phoenix Nurse Practice Act The Nursing Practice Act (NPA) is the body of California law that mandates the Board to set out the scope of practice and responsibilities for RNs. The Practice Act is located in the California Business and Professions Code starting with Section 2700. Regulations that specify the implementation of the law appear in the California Code of Regulations (BoardRead MoreNurses And Midwives Are The Largest Group Of Health Workers1446 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Nurses and midwives are the largest group of health workers who provide a wide range of health services, which include promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and supportive care to individuals, families and groups (World Health Organization 2006). Modern day nursing embraces growing technology, theoretical advancements and increasing accountability (Mason and Whitehead 2003). Their adequate representation and utilization in the health care system is very crucial to achieve the results

A Critical Essay on Raimondo Pannikar Essay Free Essays

Raimondo Panikkar is a Roman Catholic Priest who specializes in the survey of comparative doctrine of faith. He was born in Barcelona Spain on November 03. 1918. We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Essay on Raimondo Pannikar Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Possibly. the assorted inter faith matrimony of his female parent. who was a Catholic from Catalonia Spain. and his male parent who was a Hindu from a extremely situated caste Nair from South India. histories most for his involvement in comparative spiritual doctrine. His instruction besides contributed much in this. He was educated in a Jesuit school and he took up chemical science and doctrine at universities in Madrid. Barcelona and Bonn. After being ordained as a Roman Catholic Priest in 1946. and keeping doctor’s degrees in Philosophy and Science ( Complutense University. Madrid 1945 and 1958 ) and divinity ( Pontifical Lateran University. Rome. 1961 ) . he left for India in 1953 to set about surveies in Indian doctrine and faith at the University of Mysore and at the Banaras Hindu University. He authored 40 books and about a 1000 articles covering with comparative doctrine and faith and has deliberated on rules and patterns of multi-faith. which includes among others. duologues between Christian-Hindu. Christian-Buddhist and Christian-Secularist. In the book Intrareligious Dialouges. Panikkar said â€Å"I left as a Christian ; found myself a Hindu ; and I return as a Buddhist. without holding ceased to be a Christian. † ( Panikkar. Paulist Press ; revised edition. July 1999. ISBN 0809137631 ) . Panikkar’s parts are widely quoted and to a great extent used to back up the theory of ( your household name 2 ) spiritual pluralism. interfaith and multi-faith surveies every bit good as spiritual comparative doctrine. THE WEBSITE HTTP: //WWW. RELIGIOUSTOLERANCE. ORG No affair how you describe yourself. you should happen your beliefs and patterns accurately represented in this web site. – ( ReligiousTolerance. org ) This site is a copyrighted side by Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. In their Statement of belief the web Masterss said that they are a multi-faith group. As of 2008-FEB. we consist of one Atheist. Agnostic. Christian. Wiccan and Zen Buddhist. Therefore. the OCRT staff deficiency understanding on about all theological affairs. such as belief in a supreme being. the nature of God. reading of the Bible and other holy texts. whether life after decease exists. what form the hereafter may take. etc. ( ReligiousTolerance. org ) They proceed to recite cardinal points in their belief system in a slug manner. and among others. said that they In working towards a civilization that is comparatively free of favoritism on the footing of gender. race. sexual orientation. gender individuality. faith. national beginning. physical disablement. age. etc. ( ReligiousTolerance. org ) . On the left manus side of the web site there are clickable links of articles and essays that list among others. the major faiths of the universe. Non-theistic articles such as Agnosticism and Humanism. There are besides articles on Religious Ethical motives. Peace and Conflict. â€Å"Hot† Topics every bit good as Laws and News. Over-all the web site is apparent and straightforward. The interface is really easy to ( your household name 3 ) usage and really user friendly. The web site has patrons ads. but none of the usual annoyance pop-ups. and/or raging background music and other doodads that are found in other web sites. The articles in the web site presented in a logic manner. are easy to utilize and subjects are indexed clearly for easy referencing and retrieval. It is besides peppered with nuggets and quotation marks from spiritual leaders and other noteworthy characters. One such illustration is on the bottom portion of the web page. from Mahatma Gandhi â€Å"The demand of the minute is non one faith. but common regard and tolerance of the fans of the different faiths. ( Ghandi ) . The web site is a valuable resource for information in the major faiths of the universe. It is an first-class beginning of in deepness spiritual comparative articles every bit good as current issues impacting religion and pattern. WORKS CITED Pannikar. Raimondo. Intrareligious Dialouges: Paulist Press ; revised edition. July 1999. ISBN 0809137631 ) . Raimon-Panikkar. org Fundacion Vivarium Raimon Panikkar – Tavertet ( Catalunya ) Retrieved February 25. 2009. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. raimon-panikkar. org/index. html ReligiousTolerance. Org. Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. Retrieved February 25. 2009. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. religioustolerance. org/ How to cite A Critical Essay on Raimondo Pannikar Essay, Essay examples

Relationship Management for Loyalty Card Scheme- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theRelationship Management for Loyalty Card Scheme. Answer: Consistency of a well-managed business depends on loyal customers. Market fluctuation may dramatically depends on the flow of customers thus maintaining the supply-demand chain. Though market fluctuation may be inevitable, it may depend on increasing and decreasing of market quotation. This can mainly be done by providing quality goods and services to the customers at a fair price. There are different ways to reward these loyal customers for their good deeds. Some of them include the following; Offer cumulative discount on selected lines- The management should offer privilege to its esteemed customers as a way of encouragement. Investors may generally consider the customers taste by reduction of quantity prices as well credit some discounts to promote the flow of low quality goods. Price reduction offered to customers constitute to increase the quantity of discount over a given period of time depending on the volume of goods in the market. In that way the supply-demand chain will be met as well as maintaining the customers taste and preference. (Garnefeld, Eggert, Helm, Tax, 2013). Giving away free items for multiple purchases can also apply, for example, buy three get one free. Create a loyalty card scheme-Mostly this tend to be plastic swipe card which is used to store customers points whenever they shop. A time comes when they can purchase goods by the use of the points available in their card and save their cash (Kuester, Benkenstein, 2014) .Through this act the customers are rewarded and value the shopping place compared to others without this favor. Partnership of business cartels-Business partnership associations controls the price or supply of commodities in the market. The monopoly exercised by single investors will cease thus promoting oligopoly in the market. There are some businesses that offer discounts in favor of other business. For instance, when u meet a certain climax when making a call on a given network platform u definitely receive a bonus as a part of promotion. (Kumar, Petersen, Leone, 2010). Celebrate your customers-An investor may surprisingly play some jovial tactics to reward and delight the customers as a way of thanksgiving. For instance one can invite customers to promotion of some goods for free, when launching a new offer let them be the first to purchase, take your best customers for a day out or launch a social platform and invite your customers online. The recognition will go a long way towards encouraging other customers who love your business to get more involved in your success as well. Ask for customer feedback-Most people feel appreciated when requested to give their suggestion towards a certain product that the business provide to customers. This suggestion will aid in changing the status quo depending on the market developing policies. The feedback can be given through dialogue, questionnaire or conducting surveillance. Steady development of technology has led to discovery of new mechanics of changing our status quo. This extensive measures has led to improvement of new products in the market sectors creating loopholes for new businesses. Frequent advertisement and online social developments has led to quick recognition of daily emerging products. Customers meet this product even through referrals from the market investors or even from others sources who recognize the products as well. Some of the ways of collecting effective referrals include the following; Recognize and appreciate source of referrals-A business owner should express appreciation to the sources of referrals by either emailing them, through phone calls, or even writing a note of appreciation to them. They become delighted for being appreciated and as they confess to their friends they refer them too. Recognition of products and services found in the market;-One should ensure that the source referrals are well conversant with the products and services they offer, so that they can have enough knowledge to refer other customers (Shi, Prentice, He, 2014). They can refer to people within the business area or others that they know regardless of their residence. Implement programs that promote sources of referrals;-Investors should create a social platform on website and or advertisement channels that will create a link to the source of referrals. For example, creating a link on website and add all the friends of one of the referrals will be able to see the comments sent to them. Encouraging comments will attract more customers. This is one of the methods that reaches many people (Van Doorn, Lemon, Mittal, Nass, Pick, Pirner, Verhoef, 2010).The referrals will also be submitting their comments in the same page.one should be remarkable as they recommend the clients about the business. The clients who have referred new customers should be rewarded so that the rest can work towards the same. References Berman, B., 2016. Referral marketing: Harnessing the power of your customers. Business Horizons, 59(1), pp.19-28. Garnefeld, I., Eggert, A., Helm, S.V. and Tax, S.S., 2013. Growing existing customers' revenue streams through customer referral programs. Journal of Marketing, 77(4), pp.17-32. Kuester, M. and Benkenstein, M., 2014. Turning dissatisfied into satisfied customers: How referral reward programs affect the referrer? s attitude and loyalty toward the recommended service provider. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(6), pp.897-904. Kumar, V., Petersen, J.A. and Leone, R.P., 2010. Driving profitability by encouraging customer referrals: who, when, and how. Journal of Marketing, 74(5), pp.1-17. Shi, Y., Prentice, C. and He, W., 2014. Linking service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty in casinos, does membership matter?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, pp.81-91. Van Doorn, J., Lemon, K.N., Mittal, V., Nass, S., Pick, D., Pirner, P. and Verhoef, P.C., 2010. Customer engagement behavior: Theoretical foundations and research directions. Journal of service research, 13(3), pp.253-266.